Preheat the oven to 350°F. Line baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, baking powder, espresso powder, and kosher salt. Set aside.
In the bowl of an electric mixer, cream the softened butter and granulated sugar until light and fluffy. Add the vanilla bean paste and mix for 30 seconds.
Beat in the eggs, one at a time, mixing until combined after each addition.
With the mixer on low speed, gradually add the dry ingredients, mixing just until combined. Fold in the semi-sweet, dark, and mini dark chocolate chips with a spatula.
Scoop the cookie dough into approximately 40 g portions onto the prepared baking sheets, leaving about 2 inches between each cookie.
Bake on the center rack for approximately 10–12 minutes, or until the edges are set and lightly golden and the centers are still slightly soft.
Cool on the baking sheets for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely. Store in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 5 days.
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Notes
No chilling required: The dough can be baked immediately. If your kitchen is warm or the dough is too soft, refrigerate the scooped dough for 10–20 minutes.
Butter temperature: Use softened butter that still feels cool to the touch. Avoid melted or greasy butter.
Cookie sizes: Bake 30 g cookies for approximately 8–10 minutes, 40 g cookies for 10–12 minutes, or 55 g cookies for 12–14 minutes at 350°F.
Doneness: The edges should be lightly golden and set while the centers remain slightly soft. The cookies continue to firm up as they cool.
Chocolate: Use a combination of chocolate chips and chopped chocolate for extra melty pockets. Keep the total quantity of chocolate approximately the same.
Espresso powder: Enhances the chocolate flavor without making the cookies taste like coffee. It can be omitted.
Make ahead: Refrigerate portioned dough for up to 48 hours. Chilled dough may need 1–2 extra minutes of baking.
Freezing dough: Freeze portioned dough balls in a freezer-safe container for up to 3 months. Bake from frozen, adding approximately 2–3 minutes to the baking time.
Storage: Store baked cookies in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 5 days or freeze for up to 3 months.
Reheating: Warm baked cookies in a 300°F oven for 4–6 minutes.
Substitutions: Vanilla extract can replace vanilla bean paste 1:1. Other chocolate varieties may be substituted in equal total quantities.
Troubleshooting: If the cookies spread too much, briefly chill the dough and double-check the flour measurement. If they're too thick or cakey, avoid overmeasuring flour or overmixing the dough.